In-depth Guide for Trigonometry Table – Values, Tips

Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with triangle sides and angles. The sine, cosine, and tangent of a curve within a triangle are the most frequent trigonometric ratios to calculate in trigonometric values. You may quickly determine the fundamental trigonometric numbers of the most frequent angles by utilizing a trigonometry table.

What is a Trigonometric Table?

The Trigonometric Table is essentially a tabular compilation of trigonometric values and ratio for various conventional angles such as 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°, often with extra angles such as 180°, 270°, and 360° included. Due to the existence of patterns within trigonometric ratios and even between angles, it is simple to forecast the values of the trigonometry table and to use the table as a reference to compute trigonometric values for many other angles. The sine function, cosine function, tan function, cot function, sec function, and cosec function are trigonometric functions.

The trigonometric table is helpful in a variety of situations. It is required for navigating, research, and architecture. This table was widely utilized in the pre-digital age, even before pocket calculators were available. The table also aided in the creation of the earliest mechanical computing machines. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms are another notable application of trigonometric tables.

Trigonometry Tables

Here are Trigonometry tables in radians and ratios. 

Trigonometry Table in Radians

Trigonometry Radians Table 
Angles
(In Radians) 
  π/6  π/4  π/3  π/2  π  3π/2   
sin  0  1/2  1/√2  √3/2  1  0  -1  0 
cos  1  √3/2  1/√2  1/2  0  -1  0  1 
tan  0  1/√3  1  √3    0    0 
cot    √3  1  1/√3  0    0   
cosec    2  √2  2/√3  1    -1   
sec  1  2/√3  √2  2    -1    1 

Trigonometry Table in Ratios

Trigonometry Ratios Table 
Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
sin  0  1/2  1/√2  √3/2  1  0  -1  0 
cos  1  √3/2  1/√2  1/2  0  -1  0  1 
tan  0  1/√3  1  √3    0    0 
cot    √3  1  1/√3  0    0   
cosec    2  √2  2/√3  1    -1   
sec  1  2/√3  √2  2    -1    1 

Standard Angles of Trigonometric Table

The values of trigonometric ratios for the angles 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° are widely utilized to answer trigonometry issues. These values are related to measuring the lengths and angles of a right-angle triangle. Hence, the standard angles in trigonometry are 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Following are the trigonometry angle tables (show the figure).

The trigonometric table in its simplest sense refers to the collection of values of trigonometric functions of various standard angles including 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, along with other angles such as 180°, 270°, and 360°. These angles are all included in the table. This makes it easier to determine and arrive at the values of the trigonometric ratios in a trigonometric table, Also, the table can be used as a referral illustration to compute trigonometric values for various other angles, due to the patterns that are seen within the trigonometric ratios and those between angles.

The table as one might note, consists of trigonometric ratios – sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, and cotangent. The short forms of these are very popular – sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, and cot, respectively. Always, memorize the values of the trigonometric ratios of the standard angles.

Always remember these points in the trigonometric table:

In a trigonometric table, the trigonometric values for complementary angles, such as 30° and 60° are measured by applying complementary formulas for various trigonometric ratios.

The value for some ratios in a table is ∞ “not defined”. The reason is that while computing values, the denominator shows a “0”, which implies that the trigonometric value cannot be defined, and is as good to be the equivalent of infinity.

Please notice the sign change in the values at places under 180°, and 270°, for values of some trig ratios in a trigonometric table. This happens because there is a change in the quadrant.

Trigonometric values

As explained, if trigonometry deals with the relationship between the sides of a triangle (right-angled triangle) and its angles, then the trigonometric value refers to the values of different ratios, sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cotangent, and cosecant, all in the trigonometric table. All the trigonometric ratios are in relation with the sides of a right-angle triangle. The trigonometric values are derived applying these the ratios. Refer to the following steps to create trigonometric values:

Steps to Create Values for Trigonometry Table

Step 1: 

Make a table with the top row showing the angles such as 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°, and the first column listing the trigonometric functions such as sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, cot.  

Step 2: Determine the value of sin 

To find the sin values, divide 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 by 4 under the root, in that order. Consider the following example. 

To find the value of sin 0° 

√0/4 = 0 

Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
sin  0  1/2  1/√2  √3/2  1  0  -1  0 

 Step 3: Determine the value of cos 

The cos-value is the inverse of the sin angle. To find the value of cos, divide by 4 in the opposite order as sin. For example, to find cos 0°, divide 4 by 4 under the root. Consider the following example.  

To find the value of cos 0° 

√4/4 = 1 

Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
cos  1  √3/2  1/√2  1/2  0  -1  0  1 

 Step 4: Determine the value of tan 

Tan is defined as sin divided by cos. Tan equals sin/cos. Divide the value of sin at 0° by the value of cos at 0° to get the value of tan at 0°. Consider the following example.  

tan 0°= 0/1 = 0 

Likewise, the table would be. 

Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
tan  0  1/√3  1  √3    0    0 

 Step 5: Determine the value of cot 

The reciprocal of tan is the value of cot. Divide 1 by the value of tan at 0° to get the value of cot at 0°. As a result, the value will be as follows: cot 0° = 1/0 = Unlimited or Not Defined  

Similarly, the table for a cot is shown below. 

Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
cot    √3  1  1/√3  0    0   

 Step 6: Determine the value of cosec 

The reciprocal of sin at 0° is the value of cosec at 0°. 

cosec 0° = 1/0 = Unlimited or Undefined 

Similarly, the table for cosec is provided below. 

Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
cosec    2  √2  2/√3  1    -1   

Step 7: Determine the value of sec 

Any common values of cos may be used to calculate sec. The value of sec on 0° is the inverse of the value of cos on 0°. As a result, the value will be:  

Sec 0° = 1/1 = 1 

The table for sec is shown below. 

Angles (In Degrees)    30°  45°  60°  90°  180°  270°  360° 
sec  1  2/√3  √2  2    -1    1 

While we learn trigonometric values of the trigonometry tables, it will also be interesting to take note of the application areas of the table. On a broader note, the trigonometric table is used in:

Science, technology, engineering, navigation, science and engineering. Before the advent of the digital era, the trigonometric table was very effective. In the course of time, the table helped in the conceptualization of mechanical computing devices. Trigonometric tables are also used in the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms.

Important Tricks to Remember Trigonometry Table

Knowing the trigonometry table can help you answer trigonometry problems and remembering the trigonometry table for normal angles ranging from 0° to 90° is simple. Knowing the trigonometric formulae makes remembering the trigonometry table much easier. The trigonometry formulae are required for the Trigonometry ratios table. These several trigonometry table techniques and formulae are explained below.  

  • sin (90°− θ) = cos θ 
  • cos (90°− θ) = sin θ 
  • tan (90°− θ) = cot θ 
  • cot (90°− θ) = tan θ 
  • cosec (90°− θ) = sec θ 
  • sec (90°− θ) = cosec θ 
  • 1/sin θ = cosec θ 
  • 1/cos θ = sec θ 
  • 1/tan θ = cot θ 

Trigonometry values for trigonometry table – a summary

Three principal trigonometric ratios determine the trigonometric values: Sine, Cosine, and Tangent.

  • Sine or sin θ = Side opposite to θ / Hypotenuse
  • Cosines or cos θ = Adjacent side to θ / Hypotenuse
  • Tangent or tan θ = Side opposite to θ / Adjacent side to θ

The standard angles in a trigonometric table are : 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°

The angle values of trigonometric functions, cotangent, secant, and cosecant are computed by applying these standard angle values of sine, cosecant, tangent

All the higher angle values of trigonometric functions such as 120°, and 360°, are easier to compute, through the standard angle values in a trigonometric values table.

Final Notes

If you still can’t remember the values of Trigonometry tables, consider Tutoroot’s personalized sessions. Our Maths online Tuition session will help you clearly understand the table along with tricks to memorize. 

FAQs

What is trigonometry table?

The Trigonometric Table is essentially a tabular compilation of trigonometric values and ratios for various conventional angles such as 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°, often with extra angles such as 180°, 270°, and 360° included. Due to the existence of patterns within trigonometric ratios and even between angles, it is simple to forecast the values of the trigonometry table and to use the table as a reference to compute trigonometric values for many other angles. The sine function, cosine function, tan function, cot function, sec function, and cosec function are trigonometric functions.

What are the standard angles in trigonometry table?

The standard angles in a trigonometric table are : 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°

What is Trigonometry Table Formula?

  • sin θ = Opposite Side/Hypotenuse
  • cos θ = Adjacent Side/Hypotenuse
  • tan θ = Opposite Side/Adjacent Side
  • sec θ = Hypotenuse/Adjacent Side
  • cosec θ = Hypotenuse/Opposite Side
  • cot θ = Adjacent Side/Opposite Side

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